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Competition in the U.S. Energy Industry




A 1975 report to the Energy Policy Project of the Ford Foundation that examines the role of the competition in the production of coal, oil, natural gas and uranium in the United States. The study examines both interfuel and intrafuel competition. The volume also includes supplementary studies by other authors on specific industries and markets, as well as on the political influence of the energy industries.

Duchesneau, Thomas D.
1975
409 pages


Contents
List Of Tables
Preface
Author's Note
Chapter One Introduction
Sources of Energy
Role Of Competition in a Market Economy
Structure, Conduct, and Performance
The Energy Company
Summary
Notes
Chapter Two Market Structure
Significance of Market Structure
Industry Definition
Geographic Boundaries of the Market
Seller Concentration: Levels and Trends
Condition of Entry
Vertical Integration
Summary
Notes
Chapter Three Conduct
Crude Oil
Coal
Summary
Notes
Chapter Four Performance
Prices and Productivity Trends—Oil
Profitability
Technological Progress
Economic Structure and Political Influence
Notes
Chapter Five Public Policy
Findings
Competition Policy
Notes
Index of Appendixes
Appendix a the Geographic Scope of Energy Markets: Oil, Gas and Coal Thomas F. Hogarty*
Commodities and Markets
Economic Theory of Market Areas
Methods of Estimation of Geographic Market Areas
THE GEOGRAPHIC MARKET AREAS FOR GAS, OIL, AND Coal
Conclusions
Notes (Numbers in brackets refer to references, p. 217.)
References
Appendix B Economies of Scale of Firms Engaged in Oil And Coal Production Thomas Gale Moore*
Coal MINING
Multiunit Firms
ECONOMIES OF INTEGRATION WITH NONCoal MINING INTERESTS
Crude Oil
Petroleum Refining
Oil Companies
Note
Data Sources
Bibliography
Appendix C the Coal Industry Reed Moyer
ENTRY CONDITIONS IN Coal MINING
EFFECT OF SHIFT TO LOW SULPHUR WESTERN Coal
Notes
Appendix D Price-Output Behavior in the Coal Industry Reed Moyer*
OUTPUT BEHAVIOR OF NONCoal CO.-CONTROLLED FIRMS
Price Behavior
Policy Alternatives
Notes
Appendix E Potential Competition in Uranium Enriching Thomas Gale Moore
Policy Alternatives
Appendix F the Outlook for Independent Domestic Refiners to the Early 1980S John H. Lichtblau*
Definitions and Characteristics
Impact of Import Control Program
THE INDEPENDENTS AND U.S. Crude Oil PRODUCTION
MARKET SHARE AND Profitability OF THE INDEPENDENTS
The New Oil Import Program
Profit Margins and Refinery Size
Upcoming Changes in Integrated Refinery Operations
FUTURE Profitability OF THE INDEPENDENTS
DOMESTIC Crude Oil AVAILABILITY
U.S. Government Policy and the Independents
Outlook for the Small Independents
New Independent Refineries
Beyond 1980
Notes
Appendix G Firm Size and Technological Change in the Petroleum and Bituminous Coal Industries Edwin Mansfield*
Size Of Firm and R and D Expenditures in the Petroleum Industry
Size Of Firm and Productivity of R and D in the Petroleum Industry
Petroleum Research and Development: Costs, Returns, And Recent Changes
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE BITUMINOUS Coal INDUSTRY
Size Of Firm and Innovation in the Petroleum Industry
SIZE OF FIRM AND INNOVATION IN THE BITUMINOUS Coal INDUSTRY
Comparison with Other Industries
Diffusion of New Techniques in the Petroleum Industry
DIFFUSION OF NEW TECHNIQUES IN THE BITUMINOUS Coal INDUSTRY
Industrial Concentration and the Rate of Diffusion
Merger and Divestiture Policies: Intrafuel
Merger and Divestiture Policies: Interfuel
Gaps, Limitations, and Needed Research
Notes
Appendix H the Relationship Between Economic Structures and Political Power: the Energy Industry Lester M. Salamon* John J. Siegfried
Industry Structure and Political Influence
From Economic and Political Power to Public Policy: Some Empirical Evidence
Summary AND Conclusions
Notes
Appendix I Reviewer Comments
Petroleum Tax Comments in the Duchesneau Study
Index
About the Author