Archives

Search Archives

Transforming Secondary Education: New $100 million initiative to improve education quality across the nation.
Learn More »

Recent Spotlights »

View all Archives - Environment and Development »

The American Energy Consumer







The Ys are native Californians and they arrived in their neighborhood after growing up in San Diego and living in three other California cities as Mr. Y moved upward in the grocery business. Mrs. Y was born in 1934, close to the bottom of the Depression. Her father was a carpenter who did a number of other things as well. "He never did go on welfare," Mrs. Y said, proudly. She remembers that he had a little black Ford with a rumble seat in which he carried his carpenter's tool box. San Diego was then a small, cohesive city. She went to her neighborhood grammar school but when she reached high school she had to take the bus since there were only three high schools in San Diego and none of them near her house. "I took the bus because they'd already ripped out the street cars since they were too convenient," she said wryly. She was able to go to San Diego State College, a public institution where tuition payments were very small. There she met Vernon, who was majoring in journalism.

Vernon Y had been born as poor as Nora but his background had an exotic edge. His father had grown up in Shanghai, where Vernon's grandfather had a laundry business and his great-grandfather was an executive with the Dupont Company. His great-grandmother, a white Russian emigré, was a physician.

Vernon's father's childhood home was overrun with servants and languages; he learned, in lesser or greater degree, to speak Chinese, French, Russian, and English. Vernon's father was stationed in San Francisco and San Diego while serving in the Marine Corps. By the time his enlistment was up the Depression had arrived. He joined the San Diego Police Department where he remained, a patrolman, for 25 years.

In Vernon's own childhood home there was no money to spare. He began his working life as a teenager as a box boy at a grocery, a choice which shaped his future. When "the most fancy market San Diego had ever seen" opened, he got a job there and began moving up, to checker, to stock clerk, to receiving clerk. He kept his job after enrolling at San Diego State. He also bought a secondhand Studebaker and met Nora. They were children of their time; World War II was just over, the Korean War was about to begin, and the Depression was still vivid in their minds. They were determined to live better than their parents had, and they often talked about how they could get ahead.

"I remember one day Vernon took me out to the edge of town to look at some hills out there. He said land there would be a good investment, that it would be developed. He said he'd like to do it and he went down to city hall and they told him that the land was all public land and it couldn't be touched. Later we drove by and it was being developed. They had lied to him."

Vernon knew he'd soon be drafted and he wanted to get married. "Vernon wouldn't marry until we had a place of our own so we pooled our money. I had $1,000 and we bought a garage on a remote acre of land, halfway down a mountain. He quit school and we got married in December. He was