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Energy: The Next Twenty Years




An analysis of the world's energy options, conducted by 19 scientists and scholars led by Hans Landsberg of Resources for the Future; sponsored by the Ford Foundation. This report gives particular emphasis to the role of market forces in energy policy.

Landsberg, Hans
1979
637 pages


Contents of Complete Book
List Of Tables
List Of Figures
Foreword
Preface
Energy: The Next Twenty Years Study Group
List of Members
1 Overview
Introduction
Seven Realities of the Energy Situation
Nine Recommendations for Energy Policy
I Energy and the Economy
Introduction
2 the Future Demand for Energy
Energy Demand
Diversity of Energy Uses
Flexibility in Energy Demand
Estimating Substitution Potential
Demand Forecasts
Energy Demand Adjustments
International Energy Demand
Interfuel Substitution
Conclusions
3 Energy Conservation: Opportunities and Obstacles
The Nature of Energy Conservation
Modeling Energy Conservation Potentials
Existing Conservation Programs
Public Utility Regulation and Energy Conservation
4 Economic Management of the Energy Problem
the Primary Burden of Increasing Energy Costs
The Secondary Burden: Inflation and Recession
Managing Demand for Energy During Short-Term Crises
International Economic and Financial Considerations
5 Regulating Crude Oil Prices: Gainers and Losers
Petroleum Price and Allocation Regulations
The Costs of Controls and Entitlements
Other Costs of Price Regulation
Summary: Efficiency Effects of Oil Price Controls
Equity Considerations in Energy-Pricing Policy
Equity and Decontrol
6 Oil Imports
A World Oil Market
Oil and the Balance of Payments
The Vulnerability of Imports to Interruption
Oil Imports and International Cooperation
The Price of Oil
The Relation of Quantity to Price
Policies for Reducing Oil Imports
Recommendations
Appendix
II Energy in an International Setting
Introduction
7 Global Energy Resources
Conventional Resources
Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources
Renewable Resources
The Adequacy of World and U.S. Energy Resources
Conclusions
8 Trends and Policies Abroad
The Energy Policies of Western Europe and Japan
Demand Reduction and Conservation
The Soviet Union and China in International Energy Markets
The OPEC Countries
Energy and Non-OPEC Developing Countries
conclusions
III Coal: an Abundant Resource- with Problems
Introduction
9 Coal Production: Potential and Constraints
The Outlook: a Summary
The Setting: Production, Industry Structure, Markets, and Transportation
Factors Shaping Future Coal Production
Factors Shaping Future Coal Demand
Coal and Energy Development Issues in the Western United States
World Coal Developments and Trade
10 Coal: Climate and Health Hazards
Introduction
Carbon Dioxide and Global Climate
Coal-Related Air Pollutants in the Environment
The Relationship Between Air Pollution and Human Health
Implications for Environmental Policy
11 Managing Air Pollution
U.S. Air Pollution Control Policy Today
The Major Energy-Related Weaknesses of the Clean Air Act
Air Pollution Policy for the Next Twenty Years
Conclusions
IV Alternatives to Fossil Fuels
Introduction
12 Nuclear Power
Introduction
Nuclear Power and Energy Requirements
Alternative Fuel Cycles and Uranium Consumption
Nuclear Power and Weapons Proliferation
Other Risks of Nuclear Power
International Differences Over Nuclear Power and Proliferation
Policy Issues for the United States
International Policy Questions
13 Solar Energy
Introduction
Basic Considerations: Quantity and Quality of Solar Energy
Practical Considerations: Technology, Economics, and Environmental Factors
Conclusions and Recommendations
V Improving the Process
Introduction
14 Jurisdiction, Regulation, and Decisionmaking
Power Plant Siting: The Last Ten Years
Standing
Judicial Review of Agency Procedures
Fragmenting of Federal Authority
State-Federal Conflicts
Nuclear Waste Management
NRC Licensing Proceedings
Coal-Fired Plants
A Closer Look at Delay
Private Intervention and Due Process
Harnessing and Channeling Private Intervention
15 The Role of Science and Technology
Nature of Energy RDD&D
The Need for Competitive Ideas
The Demonstration and Deployment Process
Selection and Management of Energy RDD&D
Nonhardware Energy RDD&D
Recommendations for Improving the RDD&D Process
Recommendations on the RDD&D Program
Appendix: Observations on Energy Technology
Glossary
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Appendix
Selected Studies on Energy: Background Papers for Energy: the Next Twenty Years
Index