historical experiences on the process of nation building in the Arab states.

The International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis in Austria was founded in 1969 at the initiative of the United States and the Soviet Union to conduct research on problems common to many countries of the world. A multinational and interdisciplinary group of scholars study such matters as urban growth, global energy needs, structural changes in the world economy, and an aging world population. This year the Foundation joined a consortium of nongovernmental donors under the auspices of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences to provide support for continued U.S. participation in the institute to replace previous funding by the U.S. government.

Support also went to two Japanese organizations that promote expanded Japanese participation in world affairs. The Japan Center for International Exchange, which received $500,000, organizes exchanges of Japanese industrialists, government officials, scholars, and journalists with their counterparts in other countries. It also monitors research conducted in North America and Europe. A $200,000 grant to the International House of Japan continued support for the Nitobe fellowship program, which enables young Japanese social scientists to do advanced research abroad. The aim of the program, which has also been supported by the Toyota Foundation and other funders, is to train a cadre of one hundred scholars to become educational leaders and international citizens.