organizations, researchers, and policy makers, these links are
still fragile, and the Foundation is working to strengthen
them.
In West
Africa, a new organization called the Women's Health Organisation
of Nigeria (WHON) provides training and technical assistance to
selected women's organizations to help develop community-based
reproductive health programs. Using participatory education methods
to develop self-confidence, leadership, and long-term planning
skills, WHON's immediate objective is to train community groups to
identify problems and devise programs to help solve them.
In
Bangladesh, Foundation grants support efforts to link health and
credit programs for landless women. Here, too, an important
dimension is participatory research by community members to
identify and help solve health problems.
In Brazil,
Foundation support has contributed significantly to the development
of a leading NGO in the field of HIV/AIDS—the Grupo Pela
Vidda (Group for Life). It has helped encourage a new attitude
toward the disease in Brazil through innovative educational and
social activities and by making available legal assistance to
people with HIV/AIDS. Recently it created a special women's
division to increase awareness that AIDS is not only a male disease
and to relate it to other reproductive health issues.
Ethical and Legal Issues
Funds also
support efforts to promote a dialogue with policy makers, health
professionals, and representatives of government agencies and NGOs
on the ethical and legal aspects of reproductive health and
population issues.
For
example, to encourage full discussion of the ethical, legal, and
policy implications of new reproductive technologies in the United
States, funds were granted to a new organization, the Reproductive
Health Technologies Project. Among the issues the project will
address are the benefits and risks of providing oral contraceptives
without prescription and the health and ethical factors involved in
injectable contraceptives. The Hastings Center received a grant to
convene a group of diverse reproductive health professionals,
social scientists, lawyers, and ethicists to develop policy
guidelines for the ethical use of such long-acting contraceptive
methods as Norplant.